datetime | Exercises in .NET with Andras Nemes

Formatting dates in Java using DateTimeFormatter

September 30, 2017 Leave a comment

Introduction

Formatting dates – and numbers for that matter – can be a complex matter. The DateTimeFormatter class provides pre-defined formats that adhere to ISO and RCF specifications.

DateTimeFormatter

The following date related classes we’ve seen on this blog, i.e.

…have a method called “format” which accepts a DateTimeFormatter class. This class has a number of pre-defined formats that you can readily use in your application. Note that not all such formats will be available. The availability depends on the exact object type of the date class. E.g. ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME won’t work with LocalDateTime as it is meant to format zoned dates. Also, ISO_DATE_TIME won’t be available for the LocalDate class as it has no concept of time units below the level of days.

Let’s test all the predefined values with the above date types.

LocalDate

We run the following code and check the output:

System.out.println("Running example with LocalDate class.");
LocalDate now = LocalDate.now();
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("BASIC_ISO_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.BASIC_ISO_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("BASIC_ISO_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_INSTANT: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_INSTANT));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_INSTANT is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ORDINAL_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ORDINAL_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ORDINAL_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_WEEK_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_WEEK_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_WEEK_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("RFC_1123_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.RFC_1123_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("RFC_1123_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }

We get the following output:

Running example with LocalDate class.
ISO_DATE: 2014-11-01
BASIC_ISO_DATE: 20141101
ISO_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
ISO_INSTANT is not supported: Unsupported field: InstantSeconds
ISO_LOCAL_DATE: 2014-11-01
ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
ISO_LOCAL_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
ISO_OFFSET_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds
ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
ISO_OFFSET_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
ISO_ORDINAL_DATE: 2014-305
ISO_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
ISO_WEEK_DATE: 2014-W44-6
ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay
RFC_1123_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: HourOfDay

LocalTime

We run the same code as above but change the class type:

System.out.println("Running example with LocalTime class.");
LocalTime now = LocalTime.now();

…and here’s the output, again with Locale set to Sweden:

Running example with LocalTime class.
ISO_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
BASIC_ISO_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_INSTANT is not supported: Unsupported field: InstantSeconds
ISO_LOCAL_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_LOCAL_TIME: 22:02:52.932
ISO_OFFSET_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_OFFSET_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds
ISO_ORDINAL_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
ISO_TIME: 22:02:52.932
ISO_WEEK_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: WeekBasedYear
ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: Year
RFC_1123_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: DayOfMonth

Most formats are not supported by LocalTime as there’s no notion of days, months etc. in that object.

LocalDateTime

Run the same code with “now” set as follows:

System.out.println("Running example with LocalDateTime class.");
LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();

…and I got the following output:

Running example with LocalTime class.
ISO_DATE: 2014-11-01
BASIC_ISO_DATE: 20141101
ISO_DATE_TIME: 2014-11-01T22:07:24.329
ISO_INSTANT is not supported: Unsupported field: InstantSeconds
ISO_LOCAL_DATE: 2014-11-01
ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME: 2014-11-01T22:07:24.329
ISO_LOCAL_TIME: 22:07:24.329
ISO_OFFSET_DATE is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds
ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds
ISO_OFFSET_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds
ISO_ORDINAL_DATE: 2014-305
ISO_TIME: 22:07:24.329
ISO_WEEK_DATE: 2014-W44-6
ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds
RFC_1123_DATE_TIME is not supported: Unsupported field: OffsetSeconds

ZonedDateTime

This is probably the most interesting case as it supports all the predefined formats in DateTimeFormatter. Let’s look at an example with Australia/Adelaide:

System.out.println("Running example with ZonedDateTime class.");
ZoneId brisbane = ZoneId.of("Australia/Adelaide");
ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.now(), brisbane);

Running example with ZonedDateTime class.
ISO_DATE: 2014-11-01+10:30
BASIC_ISO_DATE: 20141101+1030
ISO_DATE_TIME: 2014-11-01T22:13:48.87+10:30[Australia/Adelaide]
ISO_INSTANT: 2014-11-01T11:43:48.870Z
ISO_LOCAL_DATE: 2014-11-01
ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME: 2014-11-01T22:13:48.87
ISO_LOCAL_TIME: 22:13:48.87
ISO_OFFSET_DATE: 2014-11-01+10:30
ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME: 2014-11-01T22:13:48.87+10:30
ISO_OFFSET_TIME: 22:13:48.87+10:30
ISO_ORDINAL_DATE: 2014-305+10:30
ISO_TIME: 22:13:48.87+10:30
ISO_WEEK_DATE: 2014-W44-6+10:30
ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME: 2014-11-01T22:13:48.87+10:30[Australia/Adelaide]
RFC_1123_DATE_TIME: Sat, 1 Nov 2014 22:13:48 +1030

So you see that these predefined formatters follow the accepted ISO and RFC specifications and won’t actually show the localised date format the way dates are formatted in e.g. Japan or the US.

We’ll take a look at date localisation using the DateTimeFormatter in the next post in this series.

View all posts related to Java here.

Filed under Java Tagged with datetime, Java

Java Date and time API: the Instant class

September 29, 2017 Leave a comment

The Date and time API in Java 8 has been completely revamped. Handling dates, time zones, calendars etc. had been cumbersome and fragmented in Java 7 with a lot of deprecated methods. Developers often had to turn to 3rd party date handlers for Java such as Joda time.

One of many new key concepts in the java.time package of Java 8 is the Instant class. It represents a point of time in a continuous timeline where this time point is accurate to the level of nanoseconds.

The immutable Instant class comes with some default built-in values:

Read more of this post

Filed under Java Tagged with datetime, Java

Time zones in Java 8 Date and Time API

December 3, 2016 Leave a comment

Introduction

I know for a fact that all programmers love working with time zones. Chances are high that you, as a reader of this blog, are also a programmer so I bet you also just love time zones. Let’s see what Java 8 offers as far as time zones are concerned.

Time zones

So far in this series on the date and time in Java 8 we always worked with the local time zone found on your computer. All date-related classes, such as LocalTime or LocalDateTime allow you to easily set the time zone. Here’s an example with the LocalDateTime class:

Read more of this post

Filed under Java Tagged with datetime, Java, timezone

Truncate a DateTime in C#

October 27, 2016 Leave a comment

Occasionally you need to truncate a date to the nearest year, month, day etc. E.g. you need to transform the date 2015-06-05 15:33:30 into 2015-06-05 00:00:00, i.e. truncate it to the nearest day and set the lower levels of the date to 0.

Here comes a series of extension methods to help you with that:

Read more of this post

Filed under .NET, C# language features Tagged with c#, datetime

Adjusting the date in Java 8 Date and Time API

October 23, 2016 Leave a comment

Introduction

We saw a couple of new concepts in the Java 8 Date and Time API on this blog:

The Instant class
The LocalDate class
The LocalTime class
The LocalDateTime class

All the above classes expose methods called “with” with a couple of overloads. LocalDate, LocalTime and LocalDateTime come with other methods whose names start with “with”, such as withSeconds or withMonth depending on the supported level of time unit. The “with” methods adjust some value of the date-related instances and return a new instance.

Read more of this post

Filed under Java Tagged with datetime, Java

Formatting dates in Java 8 using DateTimeFormatter

October 9, 2016 Leave a comment

Introduction

Formatting dates – and numbers for that matter – can be a complex matter. The DateTimeFormatter class provides pre-defined formats that adhere to ISO and RCF specifications.

DateTimeFormatter

The following date related classes we’ve seen on this blog, i.e.

Let’s test all the predefined values with the above date types.

LocalDate

We run the following code and check the output:

System.out.println("Running example with LocalDate class.");
LocalDate now = LocalDate.now();
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("BASIC_ISO_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.BASIC_ISO_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("BASIC_ISO_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_INSTANT: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_INSTANT));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_INSTANT is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_LOCAL_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_OFFSET_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ORDINAL_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ORDINAL_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ORDINAL_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_WEEK_DATE: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_WEEK_DATE));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_WEEK_DATE is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        try
        {
            System.out.println("RFC_1123_DATE_TIME: " + now.format(DateTimeFormatter.RFC_1123_DATE_TIME));
        } catch (UnsupportedTemporalTypeException e)
        {
            System.out.println("RFC_1123_DATE_TIME is not supported: " + e.getMessage());
        }

We get the following output:

LocalTime

We run the same code as above but change the class type:

System.out.println("Running example with LocalTime class.");
LocalTime now = LocalTime.now();

…and here’s the output, again with Locale set to Sweden:

Most formats are not supported by LocalTime as there’s no notion of days, months etc. in that object.

LocalDateTime

Run the same code with “now” set as follows:

System.out.println("Running example with LocalDateTime class.");
LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();

…and I got the following output:

ZonedDateTime

This is probably the most interesting case as it supports all the predefined formats in DateTimeFormatter. Let’s look at an example with Australia/Adelaide:

System.out.println("Running example with ZonedDateTime class.");
ZoneId brisbane = ZoneId.of("Australia/Adelaide");
ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.now(), brisbane);

So you see that these predefined formatters follow the accepted ISO and RFC specifications and won’t actually show the localised date format the way dates are formatted in e.g. Japan or the US.

We’ll take a look at date localisation using the DateTimeFormatter in the next post in this series.

View all posts related to Java here.

Filed under Java Tagged with datetime, Java

Converting a string into a DateTime with an exact date format in C# .NET

January 13, 2016 2 Comments

How do you read the date “03-10-2014”? For some of you this will be October 03 2014. For others, especially those from the US this will be interpreted as March 10 2014. This is because dates are represented in different formats in different cultures.

Consider the following code:

string dateString = "03-10-2014";
DateTime parsedDate = DateTime.Parse(dateString);
string toString = parsedDate.ToLongDateString();

Read more of this post

Filed under .NET, C# language features Tagged with c#, datetime, format

Various quarter-related DateTime functions in C#

October 28, 2015 2 Comments

The DateTime object – or struct – lacks functions for quarters. You can e.g. add minutes, months, days etc. to a date but not quarters.

Here comes a short list of simple quarter-related functions.

Read more of this post

Filed under .NET, C# language features Tagged with c#, datetime

Truncate a DateTime in C#

October 20, 2015 Leave a comment

Here comes a series of extension methods to help you with that:

Read more of this post

Filed under .NET, C# language features Tagged with c#, datetime

Converting a string into a DateTime with an exact date format in C# .NET

March 4, 2015 Leave a comment

Consider the following code:

string dateString = "03-10-2014";
DateTime parsedDate = DateTime.Parse(dateString);
string toString = parsedDate.ToLongDateString();

Read more of this post

Filed under .NET, C# language features Tagged with c#, datetime, format

← Older posts

Exercises in .NET with Andras Nemes

Formatting dates in Java using DateTimeFormatter

Java Date and time API: the Instant class

Time zones in Java 8 Date and Time API

Truncate a DateTime in C#

Adjusting the date in Java 8 Date and Time API

Formatting dates in Java 8 using DateTimeFormatter

Converting a string into a DateTime with an exact date format in C# .NET

Various quarter-related DateTime functions in C#

Truncate a DateTime in C#

Converting a string into a DateTime with an exact date format in C# .NET

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