The GroupBy operator has the same function as GROUP BY in SQL: group elements in a sequence by a common key. The GroupBy operator comes with 8 different signatures. Each returns a sequence consisting of objects that implement the IGrouping interface of type K – the key type – and T – the type of the objects in the sequence. IGrouping implements IEnumerable of T. So when we iterate through the result the we can first look at the outer sequence of keys and then the inner sequence of each object with that key.
The simplest version of GroupBy accepts a Func delegate of T and K, which acts as the key selector. It will compare the objects in the sequence using a default comparer. E.g. if you want to group the objects by their integer IDs then you can let the default comparer do its job. Another version of GroupBy lets you supply your own comparer to define a custom grouping or if the Key is an object where you want to define your own rules for equality.
We’ll need an example sequence which has an ID. In the posts on LINQ we often take the following collections for the demos:
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